Category Archives: Java

5: Arithmetic

5.1 Primes

Determine whether a given integer number is prime.

5.1.1 Example

1:  System.out.println(isPrime(7));
2:   *** Output ***
3:  true

5.2 GCD

Use Euclid’s Algorithm to determine the Greatest Common Divisor of two positive integer numbers

5.2.1 Example

1:   System.out.println(gcd (1071, 462));
2:   System.out.println(gcd (6, 35));
3:   System.out.println(gcd (36, 63));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  21
6:  1
7:  9

5.3 Coprimes

Determine whether two positive integer numbers are coprime. Two numbers are coprime if their greatest common divisor equals 1.

5.3.1 Example

1:  System.out.println(isCoprime(35,64));
2:   *** Output ***
3:  true

5.4 Totient Function

Calculate Euler’s totient function phi(m).
Euler’s so-called totient function phi(m) is defined as the number of positive integers r (1 <= r < m) that are coprime to m.
For example: m = 10: r = 1,3,7,9; thus phi(m) = 4. Note the special case: phi(1) = 1.

5.4.1 Example

1:  System.out.println(phi(10));
2:   *** Output ***
3:  4

5.5 Prime Factors

Write a method that prints the prime factors of a given positive integer

5.5.1 Example

1:  printPrimeFactors(315);
2:  printPrimeFactors(98);
3:   *** Output ***
4:  3 3 5 7
5:  2 7 7

5.6 List of Primes

Given a range of integers by its lower and upper limit, construct a list of all prime numbers in that range.

5.6.1 Example

1:  printPrimesInRange(10,20);
2:   *** Output ***
3:  11 13 17 19

5.7 Goldbach’s Conjecture

Goldbach’s conjecture says that every positive even number greater than 2 is the sum of two prime numbers. Example: 28 = 5 + 23. It is one of the most famous facts in number theory that has not been proved to be correct in the general case. It has been numerically confirmed up to very large numbers.
Write a predicate to find the two prime numbers that sum up to a given even number.

5.7.1 Example

1:  printGoldbachPair(28);
2:  printGoldbachPair(1856);
3:   *** Output ***
4:  5 + 23 = 28
5:  67 + 1789 = 1856

5.8 More Goldbach

Given a range of integers by its lower and upper limit, print a list of all even numbers and their Goldbach composition.  In most cases, if an even number is written as the sum of two prime numbers, one of them is very small. Very rarely, the primes are both bigger than say 50.
Try to find out how many such cases there are in the range 2..3000.

5.8.1 Example

 1:  printGoldbachList(9, 20);
 2:  printGoldbachList(1,2000,50);
 3:   *** Output ***
 4:  3 + 7 = 10
 5:  5 + 7 = 12
 6:  3 + 11 = 14
 7:  3 + 13 = 16
 8:  5 + 13 = 18
 9:  3 + 17 = 20
10:  73 + 919 = 992
11:  61 + 1321 = 1382
12:  67 + 1789 = 1856
13:  61 + 1867 = 1928

– String Solutions

4.1 Count Words

Write a method that returns the number of words in a String

4.1.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          System.out.println(countWords(sentence));
 7:      }
 8:
 9:      int countWords(String s)
10:      {
11:         String [] words = s.split("\\s+");
12:         return words.length;
13:      }
14:
15:      public static void main(String[] args) {
16:          // TODO code application logic here
17:          new NNStrings();
18:      }
19:  }

4.2 Count the letter ‘e’

Write a method that counts the instances of the letter ‘e’ in a string.

4.2.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          System.out.println(countEs(sentence));
 7:      }
 8:
 9:      int countEs(String s)
10:      {
11:          int count = 0;
12:          for(int i=0; i<s.length(); i++)
13:          {
14:              if(s.substring(i,i+1).matches("e"))
15:                  count++;
16:          }
17:          return count;
18:      }
19:
20:      public static void main(String[] args) {
21:          // TODO code application logic here
22:          new NNStrings();
23:      }
24:  }

4.3 Count Alphanumerics

Write a method that returns the number of alphanumeric characters (A-Z, a-z and 0-9) in a string.

4.3.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          String title = "1984 by George Orwell.";
 7:          System.out.println(countChars(sentence));
 8:          System.out.println(countChars(title));
 9:      }
10:
11:      int countChars(String s)
12:      {
13:          int count = 0;
14:          for(int i=0; i<s.length(); i++)
15:          {
16:              if(s.substring(i,i+1).matches("[A-Za-z0-9]"))
17:                  count++;
18:          }
19:          return count;
20:      }
21:
22:      public static void main(String[] args) {
23:          // TODO code application logic here
24:          new NNStrings();
25:      }
26:  }

4.4 Reverse String

Write a method that returns a string, reversed

4.4.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          System.out.println(reverse(sentence));
 7:          System.out.println(reverseH(sentence));
 8:          System.out.println(reverseSB(sentence));
 9:      }
10:
11:      // A Haskell-y solution
12:      String reverse(String s)
13:      {
14:          String reverse= "";
15:          for (int i = 0; i<s.length(); i++)
16:          {
17:              reverse = s.substring(i,i+1) + reverse;
18:          }
19:          return reverse;
20:      }
21:
22:      // A recursive Haskell-y solution
23:      String reverseH(String s)
24:      {
25:          if (s.length() == 0) return "";
26:          else if (s.length() == 1) return s;
27:          else return  reverseH(s.substring(1)) + s.substring(0,1);
28:      }
29:
30:      //A StringBuffer solution
31:      String reverseSB(String s)
32:      {
33:          String reverse = new StringBuffer(s).reverse().toString();
34:          return reverse;
35:      }
36:      public static void main(String[] args) {
37:          // TODO code application logic here
38:          new NNStrings();
39:      }
40:  }

4.5 Palindromes

Write a method to test if a string is a Palindrome

4.5.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          String palindrome = "rotavator";
 7:          System.out.println(isPalindrome(sentence));
 8:          System.out.println(isPalindrome(palindrome));
 9:      }
10:
11:      // A Haskell-y solution
12:      String reverse(String s)
13:      {
14:          String reverse= "";
15:          for (int i = 0; i<s.length(); i++)
16:          {
17:              reverse = s.substring(i,i+1) + reverse;
18:          }
19:          return reverse;
20:      }
21:      boolean isPalindrome(String s)
22:      {
23:          return s.equals(reverse(s)) ? true : false;
24:      }
25:
26:      public static void main(String[] args) {
27:          // TODO code application logic here
28:          new NNStrings();
29:      }
30:  }

4.6 More Palindromes

Write an improved palindrome method that will disregard spaces, punctuation and case and thus recognise sentences such as “A man, a plan, a canal, Panama!” as a palindrome.

4.6.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          System.out.println(isImpPalindrome(pal2));
 6:      }
 7:
 8:      // A Haskell-y solution
 9:      String reverse(String s)
10:      {
11:          String reverse= "";
12:          for (int i = 0; i<s.length(); i++)
13:          {
14:              reverse = s.substring(i,i+1) + reverse;
15:          }
16:          return reverse;
17:      }
18:
19:      boolean isImpPalindrome(String s)
20:      {
21:          String lower = s.toLowerCase();
22:          String stripped = lower.replaceAll("[^A-Za-z0-9]", "");
23:          return stripped.equals(reverse(stripped)) ? true : false;
24:      }
25:
26:      public static void main(String[] args) {
27:          // TODO code application logic here
28:          new NNStrings();
29:      }
30:  }

4.7 Remove v*w*ls

Write a method that will replace the vowels in a word with asterisks

4.7.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          System.out.println(star(sentence));
 7:      }
 8:
 9:
10:      String star(String s)
11:      {
12:          return s.replaceAll("[AEIOUaeiou]", "*");
13:      }
14:
15:      public static void main(String[] args) {
16:          // TODO code application logic here
17:          new NNStrings();
18:      }
19:  }

4.8 Spell Out

Write a method to spell out words so that, for example, This becomes T-H-I-S.

4.8.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow";
 6:          System.out.println(spellOut(sentence));
 7:      }
 8:
 9:      String spellOut(String s)
10:      {
11:          s = s.toUpperCase();
12:          String spell = "";
13:          for (char c: s.toCharArray())
14:          {
15:              spell = spell + c + "-";
16:          }
17:
18:          spell = spell.replaceAll("-\\s+-|-$"," ");
19:          return spell;
20:      }
21:
22:
23:      public static void main(String[] args) {
24:          // TODO code application logic here
25:          new NNStrings();
26:      }
27:  }

4.9 Substitution Cipher

In a simple substitution cipher, A =1 , B=2, C=3 etc. Write a method that encodes a sentence using this cipher

4.9.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          System.out.println(encode("Hello World"));
 6:      }
 7:      String encode(String s)
 8:      {
 9:          String encoding = "";
10:          s=s.toLowerCase();
11:          String [] words = s.split("\\s+");
12:          for (String word : words)
13:          {
14:              for(int i = 0; i<word.length() - 1 ; i++)
15:              {
16:                  encoding = encoding + ((int)word.charAt(i)-96) + ",";
17:              }
18:              encoding = encoding + ((int)word.charAt(word.length()-1)-96) + " ";
19:          }
20:
21:          return encoding;
22:      }
23:
24:      public static void main(String[] args) {
25:          // TODO code application logic here
26:          new NNStrings();
27:      }
28:  }

4.10 Decoder

Write a decoder method for your substitution Cipher

4.10.1 Solution

 1:  public class NNStrings {
 2:
 3:      NNStrings()
 4:      {
 5:          System.out.println(decode("9 14,5,22,5,18 19,1,23 1 16,21,18,16,12,5 3,15,23"));
 6:      }
 7:
 8:      String decode(String s)
 9:      {
10:          String decoding = "";
11:          String [] words = s.split("\\s+");
12:          for (String word : words)
13:          {
14:              String [] codes = word.split(",");
15:              for (String code: codes)
16:              {
17:                  int c = Integer.parseInt(code.trim());
18:                  decoding = decoding + (char)(c+96);
19:              }
20:              decoding = decoding + " ";
21:          }
22:          return decoding;
23:      }
24:
25:      public static void main(String[] args) {
26:          // TODO code application logic here
27:          new NNStrings();
28:      }
29:  }

4: Strings

4.1 Count Words

Write a method that returns the number of words in a String

4.1.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:
3:  System.out.println(countWords(s));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  6

4.2 Count the letter ‘e’

Write a method that counts the instances of the letter ‘e’ in a string.

4.2.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:
3:  System.out.println(countEs(s));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  3

4.3 Count Alphanumerics

Write a method that returns the number of alphanumeric characters (A-Z, a-z and 0-9) in a string.

4.3.1 Example

1:  String s = "1984 by George Orwell."
2:
3:  System.out.println(countChars(s));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  18

4.4 Reverse String

Write a method that returns a string, reversed

4.4.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:
3:  System.out.println(reverse(s));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  woc elprup a was reven I

4.5 Palindromes

Write a method to test if a string is a Palindrome

4.5.1 Example

1:  String sentence = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:  String palindrome = "rotavator"
3:
4:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(sentence));
5:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(palindrome));
6:   *** Output ***
7:  False
8:  True

4.6 More Palindromes

Write an improved palindrome method that will disregard spaces, punctuation and case and thus recognise sentences such as “A man, a plan, a canal, Panama!” as a palindrome.

4.6.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:  String p = "Rise to vote, Sir!"
3:
4:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(s));
5:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(p));
6:   *** Output ***
7:  False
8:  True

4.7 Remove v*w*ls

Write a method that will replace the vowels in a word with asterisks

4.7.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:
3:  star(s)
4:   *** Output ***
5:   * n*v*r s*w * p*rpl* c*w

4.8 Spell Out

Write a method to spell out words so that, for example, This becomes T-H-I-S.

4.8.1 Example

1:  String s = "I never saw a purple cow"
2:
3:  spellOut(s)
4:   *** Output ***
5:  I N-E-V-E-R S-A-W A P-U-R-P-L-E C-O-W

4.9 Substitution Cipher

In a simple substitution cipher, A =1 , B=2, C=3 etc. Write a method that encodes a sentence using this cipher

4.9.1 Example

1:  String s = "Hello World"
2:
3:  encode(s)
4:   *** Output ***
5:  8,5,12,12,15 23,15,18,12,4

4.10 Decoder

Write a decoder method for your substitution Cipher

4.10.1 Example

1:  String s = "9 14,5,22,5,18 19,1,23 1 16,21,18,16,12,5 3,15,23"
2:
3:  decode(s)
4:   *** Output ***
5:  i never saw a purple cow

– Array Solutions

3 Array Solutions

3.1 Print Array

Write a method that prints out a string array, one element per line

3.1.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
        printArray(breakfast);
        //Alternative Method
        printArrayAlt(breakfast);
    }
    void printArray(String [] array)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i<array.length; i++)
        {
            System.out.println(array[i]);
        }
    }
    //Alternative method using for each loop
    void printArrayAlt(String [] array)
    {
        for(String s: array)
        {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.2 Last Element of Array

Write a method that returns the last element of a string array

3.2.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
      System.out.println(lastElement(breakfast));
    }
    String lastElement(String [] array)
    {
        return array[array.length-1];
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.3 Last But One Element of Array

Write a method that returns the last but one element of a string array

3.3.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
        //Added two extra arrays for testing
        String [] coin = {"Heads", "Tails"};
        String [] lonely = {"solo"};
        System.out.println(lastButOne(breakfast));
        System.out.println(lastButOneSafer(breakfast));
        System.out.println(lastButOneSafer(coin));
        System.out.println(lastButOneSafer(lonely));
    }
    String lastButOne(String [] array)
    {
        return array[array.length-2];
    }
    // The previous method will throw an
    // arrayIndexOutOfBoundsException for arrays of length <2.
    // This method will return an empty string if length <2
    String lastButOneSafer(String [] array)
    {
        if (array.length<2)
        {
            return "";
        }
        else
        {
            return array[array.length-2];
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.4 Reverse an Array

Write a method that returns elements of an Array in reverse order

3.4.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
        //Added two extra arrays for testing
        String [] coin = {"Heads", "Tails"};
        String [] lonely = {"solo"};
        printArray(reverse(breakfast));
        printArray(reverse(coin));
        printArray(reverse(lonely));
    }
    void printArray(String [] array)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i<array.length; i++)
        {
            System.out.println(array[i]);
        }
    }
    String [] reverse(String [] array)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i<array.length/2;i++)
        {
            String temp = array[i];
            array[i] = array[array.length-i-1];
            array[array.length-i-1] = temp;
        }
        return array;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.5 Palindromic Arrays

Write a method that tests to see if an array is palindromic, i.e. the elements are the same when reversed.

3.5.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
        String [] lonely = {"solo"};
        String [] palindromic = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans",
                                 "Beans", "Eggs", "Sausage"};
        System.out.println(isPalindrome(palindromic));
        System.out.println(isPalindrome(breakfast));
        System.out.println(isPalindrome(lonely));
    }
    boolean isPalindrome(String [] array)
    {
        boolean isPal = true;
        for (int i = 0; i<array.length/2; i++)
        {
            if (!array[i].equals(array[array.length -i -1]))
                isPal = false;
        }
        return isPal;
    }
    // The following method doesn't work.
    // Need to compare individual elements
    boolean isPalindromeWrong(String [] array)
    {
        if (array.equals(reverse(array)))
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    String [] reverse(String [] array)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i<array.length/2;i++)
        {
            String temp = array[i];
            array[i] = array[array.length-i-1];
            array[array.length-i-1] = temp;
        }
        return array;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.6 Consecutive Duplicates

Write a method to print out an int array with consecutive duplicates eliminated

3.6.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        int [] nums = {1,1,3,3,3,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,4,4,4,4};
        int [] num2 = {1,1};
        int [] num1 = {1};
        compress(nums);
        compress(num2);
        compress(num1);
    }
    void compress(int [] array)
    {
        System.out.println(array[0]);
        for (int i = 1; i<array.length; i++)
        {
            if (array[i]!=array[i-1])
            {
                System.out.println(array[i]);
            }
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3.7 Pack Duplicates

Pack consecutive duplicates of a char array into Strings

3.7.1 Solution

    public class NNArrays {
    NNArrays()
    {
        char [] letters = {'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'a', 'a', 'd', 'e', 'e', 'e', 'e'};
        pack(letters);
    }
    void pack(char [] array)
    {
        String s = Character.toString(array[0]);
        for(int i = 1; i<array.length; i++)
        {
            if(array[i] != array [i-1])
            {
                System.out.print(s+ ", ");
                s = Character.toString(array[i]);
            }
            else
            {
                s = s + array[i];
            }
        }
        System.out.println(s);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new NNArrays();
    }
}

3: Arrays

3.1 Print Array

Write a method that prints out a string array, one element per line

3.1.1 Example

 1:  String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
 2:
 3:  printArray(breakfast)
 4:   *** Output ***
 5:  Sausage
 6:  Eggs
 7:  Beans
 8:  Bacon
 9:  Tomatoes
10:  Mushrooms

3.2 Last Element of Array

Write a method that returns the last element of a string array

3.2.1 Example

1:  String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"}
2:
3:  System.out.println(lastElement(breakfast));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  Mushrooms

3.3 Last But One Element of Array

Write a method that returns the last but one element of a string array

3.3.1 Example

1:  String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"}
2:
3:  System.out.println(lastButOne(breakfast));
4:   *** Output ***
5:  Tomatoes

3.4 Reverse an Array

Write a method that reverses the elements of an Array

3.4.1 Example

 1:  String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"};
 2:
 3:  System.out.println(reverse(breakfast));
 4:   *** Output ***
 5:  : Mushrooms
 6:  : Tomatoes
 7:  : Bacon
 8:  : Beans
 9:  : Eggs
10:  : Sausage
11:  : Tails

3.5 Palindromic Arrays

Write a method that tests to see if an array is palindromic, i.e. the elements are the same when reversed.

3.5.1 Example

1:  String [] palindromic = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Beans", "Eggs", "Sausage"};
2:  String [] breakfast = {"Sausage", "Eggs", "Beans", "Bacon", "Tomatoes", "Mushrooms"}
3:
4:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(palindromic));
5:  System.out.println(isPalindrome(breakfast));
6:   *** Output ***
7:  True
8:  False

3.6 Consecutive Duplicates

Write a method to print out an int array with consecutive duplicates eliminated

 1:  int [] nums = {1,1,3,3,3,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,4,4,4,4};
 2:
 3:  compress(nums)
 4:   *** Output ***
 5:  : 1
 6:  : 3
 7:  : 2
 8:  : 1
 9:  : 4
10:  : 1
11:  : 1
12:

3.7 Pack Duplicates

Pack consecutive duplicates of a char array into Strings

1:  char [] letters = {'a' 'a' 'a' 'a' 'b' 'c' 'c' 'a' 'a' 'd' 'e' 'e' 'e' 'e'};
2:
3:  pack(nums)
4:   *** Output ***
5:  : aaaa, b, cc, aa, d, eeee
6:

– Loop Solutions

1:  package nnloops;
  2:
  3:  import java.util.Scanner;
  4:
  5:  public class NNLoops {
  6:
  7:      NNLoops()
  8:      {
  9:          //oneToTen();
 10:          //oddNumbers();
 11:          //squareNumbers();
 12:          //random4();
 13:          //even(20);
 14:          //powers(8);
 15:          //areWeThereYet();
 16:          //triangle();
 17:          //tableSquare();
 18:          tableSquares(6);
 19:
 20:      }
 21:
 22:      void oneToTen()
 23:      {
 24:          for(int i=1; i <11; i++)
 25:          {
 26:              System.out.println(i);
 27:          }
 28:      }
 29:
 30:      void oddNumbers()
 31:      {
 32:          for (int i=1; i<20; i+=2)
 33:          {
 34:              System.out.println(i);
 35:          }
 36:      }
 37:
 38:      void squareNumbers()
 39:      {
 40:          for (int i=1; i<11; i++)
 41:          {
 42:              System.out.println(i*i);
 43:          }
 44:      }
 45:
 46:      void random4()
 47:      {
 48:          for (int i=0; i<4; i++)
 49:          {
 50:              System.out.println((int)(Math.random()*10)+1);
 51:          }
 52:      }
 53:
 54:      void even(int n)
 55:      {
 56:          for (int i=1; i<n; i+=2)
 57:          {
 58:              System.out.println(i);
 59:          }
 60:      }
 61:
 62:      void powers (int n)
 63:      {
 64:          for (int i =1; i<=n; i++)
 65:          {
 66:              System.out.println(Math.pow(2, i));
 67:          }
 68:      }
 69:
 70:      void areWeThereYet()
 71:      {
 72:          Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
 73:          do
 74:          {
 75:              System.out.println("Are we there yet?");
 76:          } while(!scan.nextLine().equals("Yes"));
 77:          System.out.println("Good!");
 78:      }
 79:
 80:      void triangle()
 81:      {
 82:          for(int i = 0; i<6; i++)
 83:          {
 84:              for (int j= 0; j<i; j++)
 85:              {
 86:                  System.out.print("*");
 87:              }
 88:              System.out.println("");
 89:          }
 90:      }
 91:
 92:      void tableSquare()
 93:      {
 94:          for(int i = 1; i<=4; i++)
 95:          {
 96:              for (int j=1; j<=4; j++)
 97:              {
 98:                  System.out.print("|"+ i*j +"\t");
 99:              }
100:              System.out.println("|");
101:
102:          }
103:      }
104:
105:      void tableSquares(int n)
106:      {
107:          for(int i = 1; i<=n; i++)
108:          {
109:              for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
110:              {
111:                  System.out.print("|"+ i*j +"\t");
112:              }
113:              System.out.println("|");
114:
115:          }
116:      }
117:
118:
119:      public static void main(String[] args) {
120:         new NNLoops();
121:      }
122:  }

2: Loops

2.1 1 to 10

Write a method that prints the numbers 1 to 10

2.1.1 Example

 1:  oneToTen()
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  1
 4:  2
 5:  3
 6:  4
 7:  5
 8:  6
 9:  7
10:  8
11:  9
12:  10

2.2 Odd Numbers

Write a method that prints the positive odd numbers less than 20

2.2.1 Example

 1:  oddNumbers()
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  1
 4:  3
 5:  5
 6:  7
 7:  9
 8:  11
 9:  13
10:  15
11:  17
12:  19

2.3 Square Numbers

Write a method that prints the square numbers up to 100

2.3.1 Example

 1:  squares()
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  1
 4:  4
 5:  9
 6:  16
 7:  25
 8:  36
 9:  49
10:  64
11:  81
12:  100

2.4 Random Numbers

Write a for loop to print out four random integers between 1 and 10

2.4.1 Example

1:  random4()
2:   *** Output ***
3:  3
4:  5
5:  2
6:  8

2.5 Even Numbers < n

Write a method to print out the positive even numbers less than n

2.5.1 Example

 1:  even(20)
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  2
 4:  4
 5:  6
 6:  8
 7:  10
 8:  12
 9:  14
10:  16
11:  18

2.6 Powers of 2

Write a method to print out the powers of 2 from 21 up to 2n

2.6.1 Example

 1:  powers(8)
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  2
 4:  4
 5:  8
 6:  16
 7:  32
 8:  64
 9:  128
10:  256

2.7 Are we there yet?

Write a program that outputs “Are we there yet?” and then waits for input. If the input is “Yes” the program outputs “Good!” and exits, otherwise the program loops.

2.7.1 Example

1:  "Are we there yet?"
2:  No
3:  "Are we there yet?"
4:  Spoons
5:  "Are we there yet?"
6:  Yes
7:  Good!

2.8 Triangle

Write a method that uses nested loops to produce the following pattern

1:  triangle()
2:   *** Output ***
3:  *
4:  **
5:  ***
6:  ****
7:  *****

2.9 Table Square

Write a method that prints out a 4 x 4 table square

2.9.1 Example

1:  tableSquare()
2:   *** Output ***
3:  A 4 x 4 table square
4:  | 1 | 2 |  3 |  4 |
5:  | 1 | 2 |  3 |  4 |
6:  | 2 | 4 |  6 |  8 |
7:  | 3 | 6 |  9 | 12 |
8:  | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 |

2.10 Table Squares

Extend your answer to the last question produce a method that will print out a n x n table square

2.10.1 Example

 1:  tableSquares(6)
 2:   *** Output ***
 3:  A 6 x 6 table square
 4:  | 1 |  2 |  3 |  4 |  5 |  6 |
 5:  | 2 |  4 |  6 |  8 | 10 | 12 |
 6:  | 3 |  6 |  9 | 12 | 15 | 18 |
 7:  | 4 |  8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 |
 8:  | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
 9:  | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 30 | 36 |

1: How to Answer These Questions

Write methods to solve all of the questions. Here are two example questions and their solutions. Notice that the first method prints a value, the second method returns a value.

1.1 Hello <Name>

Write a method that accepts a name as a parameter and prints out “Hello ” <name>

1.1.1 Example

1:  hello("Kim")
2:   *** Output ***
3:  Hello Kim

1.2 Average of two numbers

Write a method that accepts two numbers and returns the average of the two numbers.

1.2.1 Example

1:  System.out.println(average(3,4));
2:   *** Output ***
3:  3.5

1.3 Solutions

 1:  public class NinetyNine {
 2:
 3:      NinetyNine()
 4:      {
 5:          hello("Kim");
 6:          System.out.println(average(3,4));
 7:      }
 8:
 9:      void hello(String s)
10:      {
11:          System.out.println("Hello " + s);
12:      }
13:
14:      double average(double x, double y)
15:      {
16:          return (x+y)/2;
17:      }
18:
19:      public static void main(String[] args)
20:      {
21:          new NinetyNine();
22:      }
23:  }
24: